In 2016 Disney released a paper about a software called Matterhorn. Matterhorn is a physics-based graphics, which was behind creating the 2013 Disney film Frozen. By using Material Point Method (MPM), it allows the animators to create highly efficient large quantities of snow to interact with characters when simulated. In 2016 Disney upgraded the software to be able to stimulate more materials such as: mud, foam and sand.
How Matterhorn works
"Snow is a complex substance; on one hand it consists of individual grains and snowflakes, but on the other hand because each flake is so tiny as a mass they behave like a fluid. The Material Point Method uses both Cartesian grids and particles to represent the substance, and controls the strengths of each representation."
"Particles are the key illustration of the material. Every particle has a position, velocity, mass, deformation and further properties that control the appearance of the snow, such as stiffness, wetness, and breaking threshold. Each phase of the simulation upon the previous level. Since particles are not a decent base for computing material forces, they are primarily rasterized to a Cartesian grid, where the force computation is less complicated. These material forces act back on the particles, altering their velocities. Lastly, the particles are advected with their new velocities, generating the next frame of the simulation."
"Disney’s Matterhorn takes away the tedious work and helps the artist focus on the creative side of the project by solving animation production challenges like repetitive illustration of complex materials (snow, sand, water, fire, etc.). The video below provides greater detail."
https://gfxspeak.com/2016/08/19/animations-matterhorn-graphics/
https://www.disneyanimation.com/technology/innovations/matterhorn
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